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Tenancy in |
Joint |
Community |
Tenancy in |
Community | ||||||
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Parties |
Any number of persons (can be husband and wife) |
Any number of persons (can be husband and wife) |
Only husband and wife |
Only partners (any number) |
Only husband and wife | ||||||
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Division |
Ownership can be divided into any number of interests, equal or unequal |
Ownership interests cannot be divided |
Ownership interests are equal |
Ownership interest is in relation to interest in partnership |
Ownership interests are equal | ||||||
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Title |
Each co-owner has a separate legal title to his/her undivided interest |
There is only one title to the whole property |
Title in the "community" (similar to title being in a partnership) |
Title is in the "partnership" |
Title in the "community" (similar to title being in a partnership) | ||||||
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Possession |
Equal right of possession |
Equal right of possession |
Equal right of possession |
Equal right of possession |
Equal right of possession | ||||||
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Make Effective Use |
Conveyance |
Each co-owner's interest may be conveyed separately by its owner |
Conveyance by one co-owner without the other's breaks the joint tenancy |
Both co-owners must join in conveyance of the real property |
Any authorized partner may convey whole partnership property. Consent of co-partners needed for transfer |
Both co-owners must join in conveyance of the real property | |||||
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Purchaser's Status |
Purchaser becomes a tenant in common with the other co-owners |
Purchaser becomes a tenant in common with the other co-owners |
Purchaser can only acquire whole title of community, cannot acquire a part of it |
Purchaser can only acquire the whole title |
Purchaser can only acquire whole title of community, cannot acquire a part of it | ||||||
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Death |
On co-owner's death, his/her interest passes by will to his/her devisees or heirs. No survivor's interest |
On co-owner's death, his/her interest ends and cannot be willed. Survivor owns the property by survivorship |
On co-owner's death, it goes to survivor in severalty. It goes by will to descendant's devisee or survivor by succession |
On partner's death, his/her interest passes to the surviving partner pending liquidation of the partnership. Share of the deceased partner goes to their estate |
On co-owner's death, his/her interest ends and cannot be willed. Survivor owns the property by survivorship | |||||
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Successor's Status |
Devisees or heirs become tenants in common |
Last survivor owns property in severalty |
If passing by will, tenancy in common between devisee and survivor results |
Heirs or devisees have rights in partnership interest, but not specific property |
Last survivor owns property in severalty | |||||
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Creditors |
Co-owner's interest may be sold on execution sale to satisfy his/her creditor |
Creditor becomes a tenant in common. Co-owner's interest may be sold on execution sale to satisfy creditor. Joint tenancy is broken. Creditor becomes tenant in common |
Co-owner's interest cannot be seized and sold separately. The whole property may be sold to satisfy debts of either husband or wife |
Partner's interest cannot be seized and sold separately by their personal creditor, but their share of profits may be obtained by a personal creditor. Whole property may be sold on execution sale to satisfy partnership creditor |
Co-owner's interest cannot be seized and sold separately. The whole property may be sold to satisfy debts of either husband or wife | |||||
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Presumption |
Favored in doubtful cases except husband and wife |
Must be expressly stated and properly formed. Not favored |
Strong presumption that property acquired by husband and wife is community |
Arises only by virtue of partnership status in property placed in partnership |
Strong presumption that property acquired by husband and wife is community |
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